Pelvic Organ Prolapse – Non-surgical and Surgical Treatment at Nyle Hospital

Pelvic organ prolapse is nothing but the herniation or abnormal descent of the organs of the pelvic from their usual position or attachment sites. The pelvic structures causing such trouble include the vaginal apex – apical vaginal prolapse), uterus - uterine prolapse or posterior vagina – rectocele or anterior vagina – cystocele. Most prolapses do not cause specific symptoms and so, they are clinically not bothered much and do not demand for an intervention. Pelvic organ prolapse happens upon weakening of pelvic floor muscles or any damage that no longer holds the pelvic organs.

Causes of Prolapse

Causes of Prolapse – Vaginal or normal delivery may lead to breaking of ligament for passing of baby's head all through the pelvic floor. In such situations, the muscle that usually contracts does not contract. In many women, the encountered damage seems to be minor, while sometimes more muscles may be vanished to the extent that it fails to clutch the pelvic organs in the right position.

Obesity - Overweight creates pressure on the abdomen increasing the risk of pelvic organ prolapse.

Menopause – During menopausal stage, levels of collagen, estrogen and few connective tissue proteins decrease. Less production of estrogen during menopause may lead to pelvic organ prolapse.

Pelvic Floor Surgery – Prior surgery of pelvic floor may lead to damage that does not allow the support of pelvic organs.

Chronic Cough – Severe and continuous coughing caused by chronic bronchitis, asthma or smoking lays more pressure on the pelvis and abdomen. Smoking reduces the level of collagen and tends to increase the possibility of tearing of connective tissue.

Neurologic Diseases – Diseases that affect the nervous system including multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s or injury in the spinal cord can increase the risk of pelvic organ prolapse.

Physical Symptoms of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

A lump or bulge on the outer part of vagina

Infections of the urinary tract, incontinent and frequent urination, painful urination or something related to the urinary action that affect routine activities

Feeling of discomfort as though some bulging is propelling out of the vaginal opening

Pain in the lower back or increased pressure in the pelvic region that affects day-to-day activities

Discomfort or painful sexual intercourse

Irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting

Discomfort in bowel movements or constipation or sometimes liquid stools

Examination of Pelvic Organ Prolapse

In order to diagnose this condition, the doctor performs the following examination:

Full pelvic examination

Rectal examination

Post-Void Residual (PVR)

Urinalysis

Although prolapse is not treated as a serious condition, it can add to high level of distress and discomfort. Woman diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse are subjected to surgical or non-surgical treatment based on the condition.